Viasat and 5GAA: How Satellites can Enable Connected 5G Cars

The transition to connected and autonomous vehicles has created new demands for reliable, ubiquitous communications networks. Current 5G cellular networks, while offering high-speed connectivity in urban areas, face coverage limitations in rural and remote locations where autonomous vehicles will need to operate.

To help tackle this lack in 5G coverage, satellite communications infrastructure provider Viasat has joined the 5G Automotive Association (5GAA) to expand satellite-enabled vehicle communications technology for autonomous transport systems.

The move represents an expansion of satellite technology into the automotive sector, as manufacturers seek to ensure constant connectivity for safety-critical vehicle systems. Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications, which enable cars to interact with infrastructure and other road users, require uninterrupted network coverage to function effectively.

The company, which completed its acquisition of satellite operator Inmarsat in May 2023, becomes the first satellite communications provider to join the cross-industry organisation, which includes technology firms and automotive manufacturers.

Kevin Cohen, VP of Direct to Device Partnerships at Viasat, says: “With a longstanding history in providing critical safety services in the air and at sea, and our continued innovation on direct-to-device connectivity, joining the 5GAA is a natural fit for Viasat. By utilising already licensed L-band spectrum for mobile satellite services, vehicles could roam between space and ground network connectivity.”

Satellite-cellular convergence

The move follows recent developments in the 3GPP Release 17 standard, which establishes protocols for connecting devices to satellites without dedicated hardware. This technology, known as direct-to-device (D2D), enables mobile phones, vehicles and industrial equipment to communicate directly with satellites.

The cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) platform, which enables vehicles to communicate with surrounding infrastructure and road users in real-time, forms a central part of 5GAA's development programme. The technology aims to connect vehicles with cyclists, pedestrians and road infrastructure through mobile networks.

Viasat intends to develop a D2D ecosystem comprising chipset manufacturers, mobile network operators (MNOs) and original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). The company plans to integrate these systems with its existing mobile satellite service network, which currently provides safety communications for maritime and aviation sectors.

Shifting approach to transport and connectivity

The integration of satellite technology into the automotive sector represents a shift in the industry’s approach to connectivity. Traditional vehicle communications systems have relied on terrestrial networks, which can face coverage gaps in remote areas or during network outages.

The addition of satellite connectivity to the C-V2X ecosystem could enhance the reliability of vehicle communications systems. The technology enables vehicles to maintain connectivity in areas where terrestrial networks are unavailable, providing continuous access to safety and maintenance services.

The consortium's development roadmap includes support for autonomous vehicles, supply chain monitoring systems and predictive maintenance alerts. These applications rely on continuous connectivity to function, highlighting the importance of satellite communications in areas where terrestrial networks face coverage limitations.

The development of predictive maintenance systems could reduce vehicle downtime and prevent roadside breakdowns. These systems use real-time data analysis to identify potential mechanical issues before they cause failures.

The technology is expected to support emergency calling, breakdown assistance and collision detection through satellite communications. Viasat's existing L-band spectrum licence means mobile network operators can provide these services without using terrestrial frequencies.

The implementation of satellite-enabled emergency services could improve response times in remote areas. The technology enables direct communication between vehicles and emergency services, bypassing traditional cellular networks.

Viasat’s network: Global reach

Viasat operates offices in 24 countries and maintains a global communications network that serves consumers, businesses, governments and military organisations. The company's satellite infrastructure supports communications across ground, air and maritime environments.

The expansion into automotive communications builds on Viasat's experience in providing safety-critical communications services. The company's existing satellite network delivers emergency and safety services for aviation and maritime sectors.

Johannes Springer, Director General at 5GAA, says: “Viasat's leadership in satellite-based connectivity, particularly their innovative approach on direct-to-device technology, will significantly enhance the 5GAA's efforts to build a resilient and future-proof C-V2X ecosystem. Their expertise will help us explore new frontiers in vehicle-to-everything communication, especially in areas with limited terrestrial network coverage.”

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